G2. Basic Vocabulary & Common Phrases

Basic Vocabulary & Common Phrases

Learning basic vocabulary and common phrases in German helps you build a strong foundation for everyday conversations. From greetings to talking about numbers, time, family, and more, these essentials will ease your journey into mastering the language. 🇩🇪✨

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1. Greetings and Introductions

• Introducing Yourself:
  • Wie heißt du? – What’s your name? (informal)
  • Wie heißen Sie? – What’s your name? (formal)
  • Ich heiße [Name]. – My name is [Name].
  • Woher kommst du? – Where are you from? (informal)
  • Woher kommen Sie? – Where are you from? (formal)
  • Ich komme aus [Land/Stadt]. – I am from [Country/City].
• Common Greetings:
  • Hallo! – Hello!
  • Guten Morgen! – Good morning!
  • Guten Tag! – Good day!
  • Guten Abend! – Good evening!
  • Auf Wiedersehen! – Goodbye! (formal)
  • Tschüss! – Bye! (informal)

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2. Numbers & Time

• German Numbers (1–100):

  Number	German
  1	Eins [Pronounced: Ayns]
  2	Zwei [Pronounced: Tsvy]
  3	Drei [Pronounced: Dry]
  4	Vier [Pronounced: Feer]
  5	Fünf [Pronounced: Fünf]
  6	Sechs [Pronounced: Zeks]
  7	Sieben [Pronounced: Zee-ben]
  8	Acht [Pronounced: Aht]
  9	Neun [Pronounced: Noyn]
  10	Zehn [Pronounced: Tsen]
  11	Elf [Pronounced: Elf]
  12	Zwölf [Pronounced: Tsvulf]
  13	Dreizehn [Pronounced: Dry-tsen]
  14	Vierzehn [Pronounced: Feer-tsen]
  15	Fünfzehn [Pronounced: Fünf-tsen]
  16	Sechzehn [Pronounced: Zekh-tsen]
  17	Siebzehn [Pronounced: Zeeb-tsen]
  18	Achtzehn [Pronounced: Aht-tsen]
  19	Neunzehn [Pronounced: Noyn-tsen]
  20	Zwanzig [Pronounced: Tsvan-tsig]

• Days of the Week:
  • Montag – Monday
  • Dienstag – Tuesday
  • Mittwoch – Wednesday
  • Donnerstag – Thursday
  • Freitag – Friday
  • Samstag – Saturday
  • Sonntag – Sunday
• Months of the Year:
  • Januar – January
  • Februar – February
  • März – March
  • April – April
  • Mai – May
  • Juni – June
  • Juli – July
  • August – August
  • September – September
  • Oktober – October
  • November – November
  • Dezember – December
• Time Expressions:
  • Wie spät ist es? – What time is it?
  • Es ist [Uhrzeit]. – It’s [time].
  • Viertel nach [Stunde] – Quarter past [hour].
  • Halb [Stunde] – Half past [hour].

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3. Colors, Family, and Everyday Objects

• Colors:
  • Rot – Red
  • Blau – Blue
  • Grün – Green
  • Gelb – Yellow
  • Schwarz – Black
  • Weiß – White
  • Rosa – Pink
• Family:
  • Vater – Father
  • Mutter – Mother
  • Bruder – Brother
  • Schwester – Sister
  • Kind – Child
  • Oma – Grandmother
  • Opa – Grandfather
• Everyday Objects:
  • Tisch – Table
  • Stuhl – Chair
  • Buch – Book
  • Handy – Mobile Phone
  • Lampe – Lamp

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4. Polite Expressions

• Bitte. – Please / You’re welcome.
• Danke. – Thank you.
• Entschuldigung. – Excuse me / I’m sorry.
• Kein Problem. – No problem.
• Wie geht’s? – How are you? (informal)
• Wie geht es Ihnen? – How are you? (formal)
• Mir geht’s gut, danke. – I’m good, thank you.
• Gern geschehen. – You’re welcome (after “thank you”).

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Final Thoughts

Mastering these basic phrases and vocabulary will give you the confidence to start conversations in German. Practice them daily, and soon you’ll be able to interact fluently in everyday situations. Viel Erfolg! (Good luck!)